Analysis of Chemical Constituents in Qizhi Jiangtang Capsules Based on UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To systematically analyze the chemical constituents of Qizhi Jiangtang capsules by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital trap high resolution mass spectrometry （UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS）. Method:Analysis was conducted on a ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.8 μm） with acetonitrile （A）-water （B） as the mobile phase for gradient elution （0-13 min， 1%-25%A； 13-21 min， 25%-35%A； 21-28 min， 35%-85%A； 28-30 min， 85%-100%A； 30-32 min， 100%-1%A）. The flow rate was 0.2 mL·min^-1， the column temperature was 30 ℃， and the volume of sample injection was 3 μL. Electrospray ionization （ESI） was used to collect data in the negative and positive ion modes with the scanning range of <italic>m</italic>/<italic>z</italic> 100-1 500. Meanwhile， a variety of MS analytic methods were used， including comparing with the information of control substances， self-built compounds database and literature references， diagnostic ion filtering， Compound Discoverer 3.0 software， for identification of the chemical components. Result:Based on the above strategy， a total of 52 compounds were identified in Qizhi Jiangtang capsules， and the sources of these compounds were identified. Amino acids were mainly derived from Hirudo， phenylpropanoids were derived from Astragali Radix and Rehmanniae Radix， iridoid glycosides were derived from Rehmanniae Radix， coumarins and triterpenes were derived from Astragali Radix， flavonoids were from Astragali Radix and Polygonati Rhizoma. Conclusion:The established UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS analytical method can comprehensively and rapidly analyze and identify of the chemical constituents in Qizhi Jiangtang capsules. Many of the ingredients have been proved by modern pharmacological studies to have the effect of improving related symptoms of diabetes and its complications， reflecting the characteristics of synergistic action of multiple components in Qizhi Jiangtang capsules. This study can provide reference for the further research on the pharmacodynamic material basis and the quality control of Qizhi Jiangtang capsules.

Study on difference of chemical compositions of Guilingji before and after alchemy based on mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis / 中国中药杂志

UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS and ICP-MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis was employed to explore the differences in chemical compositions of Guilingji(GLJ) before and after alchemy.The changes in organic chemical compositions and inorganic elements were observed and 39 differential organic compositions were found in GLJ after alchemy, 24 compounds of which were identified. The differential compositions of GLJ included violet ketones, chalcones, amides, and fatty acids whose contents were increased after alchemy, as well as flavones, isoflavones, dihydroflavones, flavonoid glycosides, and coumarins whose content were decreased after alchemy. This study showed 6 inorganic elements filtered out as markers for distinguishing GLJ before and after alchemy, including B, Si, Mg, K, Cr, and Ni.The contents of Mg, K, Cr and Ni were increased while the contents of B and Si were decreased after alchemy.The difference of the contents after alchemy changed the cold and hot properties of the compound, showing the decrease of dryness, and the hot property was changed to warm and neutral properties; in addition, the membrane permeability and absorption of the compound compositions were improved. In this study, we preliminarily investigated the changes of chemical compositions in GLJ before and after alchemy as well as the effects of alchemy on physical and chemical properties and cold-heat nature of GLJ, laying a foundation for further clarifying the scientific connotation of alchemy process.

Construction of inorganic elemental fingerprint and principal component analysis of Guilingji Capsule / 中草药

Objective: To establish the inorganic elemental fingerprint of Guilingji Capsule and evaluate the uniformity of the product quality, and explore the characteristic elements in Guilingji Capsule. Methods: The levels of 14 inorganic elements in 10 different production batches of Guilingji Capsule were determined by ICP-MS with microwave digestion for sample preparation. The content distribution curve of inorganic elements was plotted, and the principal component analysis (PCA) were analyzed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. Results: Forteen kinds of inorganic elements were selected to establish fingerprint for describing and identifying the quality of Guilingji Capsule. The similarity (angle cosine value) were all more than 0. 970. Four main factors were selected by PCA. The PCA results showed that Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Se might be the characteristic elements in Guilingji Capsule. Conclusion: The inorganic elemental fingerprint of Guilingji Capsule can provide the research basis for quality control.

The combined fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction for the treatment of distal fractures of radius in elderly patients / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of combined fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction for the treatment of distal fractures of radius in elderly patients</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2009 to January 2011, 122 patients with distal fractures of radius were treated by the united fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction. There were 43 males and 79 females, ranging in age from 60 to 86 years with an average of 74 years. Among the patients, traffic accident injury was in 12 cases and fall injury was in 109 cases; all fractures were closed, the time form injury to visit was for 30 min to 7 days. The X-rays, wrist pain, functional status, range of motion and grasp force of patients were observed at follow-up. Cooney modified Green-O'Brien standard was used to evaluate the clinical effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up from 3 months to 2 years with an average of 15.4 months. Re-displacement occurred in 8 cases (including 4 cases radial displacement, 3 cases dorsal displacement, 1 case palmaris displacement) and re-reduction occurred in 4 cases, surgical treatment was in 2 cases, refused to reset or surgical treatment in 2 cases. Radial shorten in 13 cases middle-later period. All fractures obtained healed. According to the Green-O'Brien standard, 46 cases got excellent results, 65 good, 6 fair, and 5 poor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combined fixation with splints and plaster after closed reduction is a effective method in treatment of distal fractures of radius in elderly patients, which can more overcome redisplacement of distal fractures of radius, recover function of wrist joint.</p>